The research on inclusive business models is in general focused on developing countries’ low-income people. However, some inclusive enterprises in developed countries, as France for instance, are established, and do not only fight against economic exclusion. This existence reveals the relevance and the necessity to (re)define, in a holistic perspective, what an inclusive business model is. In this paper, we forward the ‘extended resource-based theory’ and highlight an inclusive strategic intent in favor of a category of “excluded” or “wasted” human resources. We base our discussion on a multiple cases-investigation of three French diversified inclusive-enterprises, in order to suggest a (re)definition of the inclusive business model, and several implications for strategy and for society.
