This work examines and compares two attempts at institutionalisation by the industry: one by the cement sector that failed to be institutionalised, and one from the European electricity sector that was successfully implemented. After the Kyoto Protocol was adopted in 1997, both the cement sector and the European electricity sector were particularly active in the collective inquiry into carbon management. Following Kyoto, two institutional entrepreneurs emerged: the cement sector founded the Cement Sustainability Initiative (CSI) in 1999, while the Union of the Electricity Industry (Eurelectric) launched a working group on climate change in 1998.
